Fertility

Human Reproduction in Numbers 

During fetal life, the future oocytes reach a peak of 7 million around 20 weeks of pregnancy, that number drops to 2 million by the time of birth.

During reproductive life, a woman ovulates on average of 360 times.

Between 15 and 60 years, man ejaculates on average of 34 to 56 liters of sperm that contain between 350 and 500 billion spermatozoa.

It takes about 50 million spermatozoa to fertilize only one oocyte.

It is estimated that there are over one hundred million intercourses every day throughout the world.

A young woman ,who has sex in the fertile age, has a 20% probability of getting pregnant in this cycle.

One out of ten couples has difficulty in conceiving.

• In those couples who have difficulty conceiving, 30% of the cases is woman’s problem, 30% is man’s problem, 30% the problem is on both and in 10% there's no definable cause.

80% of zygotes (pre-embryos) do not survive after implantation.

About 10% of the clinically recognized pregnancies spontaneously abort.

The incidence of twins in the general population is 1%.

6 to 8% of fetuses are born before pregnancy term.

The rate of fetal malformations in the general population is 3%.

Cerebral palsy affects 0.2 to 0.5% of newborns.

 

CAUSES EXAMS TREATMENTS
Ovulation problems Hormonal study Ovulation induction
Premature menopause Hormonal study Egg donation
Karyotype
Obstruction of the fallopian tubes Hysterosalpingosonography IVF
Hysterosalpingography
Laparoscopy
Endometriosis Ultrasound Expecting
Laparoscopy Medical treatment
Surgical / laser treatment
IVF
Fibroids Ultrasound Expecting
Polyps Hysteroscopy Medical treatment
Synechiae Laparoscopy Surgical treatment
Hostile Cervical Mucus Postcoital test medical treatment
Confirm ovulation IUI
Anti-EZ antibodies IVF
Absence of spermatozoa Hormonal analysis TESE / ICSI
(azoospermia) Testicular biopsy Sperm donation
Karyotype
Absence/Obstruction of the vas deferens        Scrotal examination TESE / ICSI
Screening for cystic fibrosis gene
Low number of spermatozoa IUI
(oligospermia) IVF
ICSI
Reduced motility of spermatozoa IUI
(asthenospermia) IVF
ICSI
High percentage of abnormal forms of EZ IUI
(teratozoospermia) IVF
ICSI
Antisperm antibodies Search anti-EZ antibodies Preparation of Sperm / IUI
IVF
ICSI

Natural Conceiving

• It is necessary that woman produces an egg in ovaries, which must be able to freely navigate to the fallopian tube.

It is necessary that the man produces a large number of good quality spermatozoa able to progress through the cervix, to the Fallopian tube, where fertilization takes place.

The "timing" of intercourse is crucial (an oocyte survives only 24 hours and spermatozoa 2 to 3 days).

• Fertilization Realized, it is required a normal uterus for the embryo to implant and develop.